PY 云新增 cn-py-dl-c7 虚拟机

每次的从头配置是最烦的（然而已经习惯了都

0x00.前言

还记得“续……”吗？

1 2	[root@py ~]# rpm -q centos-release centos-release-7-9.2009.1.el7.centos.x86_64

0x01.配置

1.查看`IP`

搁这VNC？里干一件事情就足够了，就再也不用进来了（grub除外

[root@localhost ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens192: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b6:21:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.25.7/24 brd 192.168.25.255 scope global noprefixroute ens192
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 240e:<rm>/128 scope global noprefixroute dynamic 
       valid_lft 5419sec preferred_lft 1819sec
    inet6 240e:<rm>/64 scope global noprefixroute dynamic 
       valid_lft 7086sec preferred_lft 3486sec
    inet6 fe80::<rm>/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192
TYPE="Ethernet"
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
BOOTPROTO="dhcp"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
NAME="ens192"
UUID="6bae1cb0-202e-4e92-a829-7df7c1f988b9"
DEVICE="ens192"
ONBOOT="yes"

然后就可以回到日常使用的XShell了（妙
注：还不确定设定静态ip会不会有影响~~（其实是不会），所以就先不设了……~~这么简单的配置怎么好意思说不会呢？
2020-4-4 16:52:59：配置如下

[root@py ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192 
TYPE="Ethernet"
PROXY_METHOD="none"
BROWSER_ONLY="no"
BOOTPROTO="static"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
NAME="ens192"
UUID="6bae1cb0-202e-4e92-a829-7df7c1f988b9"
DEVICE="ens192"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR=192.168.25.237
GATEWAY=192.168.25.254
DNS1=192.168.25.30

2.修改主机名

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname py.yuangezhizao.cn
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 py.yuangezhizao.cn py.yuangezhizao.cn
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 py.yuangezhizao.cn py.yuangezhizao.cn
[root@localhost ~]#

3.安装常用软件

yum update -y
yum install vim git wget screen -y

yum install epel-release -y
yum install htop axel -y

0x02.`NTP`配置

网络时间协议（Network Time Protocol，NTP），用于同步网络中各个计算机的时间的协议。其用途是将计算机的时钟同步到世界协调时UTC。在NTP设计时考虑到了各种网络延迟，当您通过公共网络同步时，误差可以降低到10毫秒以内；当您通过本地网络同步时，误差可以降低到1毫秒
腾讯云提供了内网NTP服务器供腾讯云内网设备使用，对于非腾讯云设备，可以使用腾讯云提供的公网NTP服务器

NTPD（Network Time Protocol daemon）是Linux操作系统的一个守护进程，用于校正本地系统与时钟源服务器之前的时间，完整的实现了NTP协议。NTPD与NTPDate的区别是NTPD是步进式的逐渐校正时间，不会出现时间跳变，而NTPDate是断点更新

安装NTPD
yum -y install ntp
配置NTP
vim /etc/ntp.conf

# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
# server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
# server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
# server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
# server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server time1.cloud.tencent.com
server time2.cloud.tencent.com
server time3.cloud.tencent.com
server time4.cloud.tencent.com
server time5.cloud.tencent.com

运行NTPD并自启

[root@py ~]# rpm -qa | grep ntp
ntpdate-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.x86_64
ntp-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.x86_64
fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch
[root@py ~]# systemctl restart ntpd.service
[root@py ~]# systemctl enable ntpd.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ntpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service.

查看NTP服务端口UDP 123端口是否被正常监听

[root@py ~]# netstat -nupl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
udp        0      0 192.168.25.7:123        0.0.0.0:*                           9836/ntpd           
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:123           0.0.0.0:*                           9836/ntpd           
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:123             0.0.0.0:*                           9836/ntpd           
udp6       0      0 fe80::<rm>:123 :::*                                         9836/ntpd           
udp6       0      0 240e:<rm>::123 :::*                                         9836/ntpd           
udp6       0      0 240e:<rm>::123 :::*                                         9836/ntpd           
udp6       0      0 ::1:123                 :::*                                9836/ntpd           
udp6       0      0 :::123                  :::*                                9836/ntpd           
udp6       0      0 fe80::<rm>:546 :::*                                         2085/dhclient

查看NTPD状态

[root@py ~]# service ntpd status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status ntpd.service
● ntpd.service - Network Time Service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-04-04 18:29:35 CST; 1min 39s ago
 Main PID: 9836 (ntpd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/ntpd.service
           ├─9836 /usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp -g
           └─9837 /usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp -g

Apr 04 18:29:37 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time1.cloud.tencent.com
Apr 04 18:29:37 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time2.cloud.tencent.com
Apr 04 18:29:37 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time3.cloud.tencent.com
Apr 04 18:29:37 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time4.cloud.tencent.com
Apr 04 18:29:37 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time5.cloud.tencent.com
Apr 04 18:30:40 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time1.cloud.tencent.com
Apr 04 18:30:40 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time2.cloud.tencent.com
Apr 04 18:30:40 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time3.cloud.tencent.com
Apr 04 18:30:40 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time4.cloud.tencent.com
Apr 04 18:30:40 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd_intres[9837]: host name not found: time5.cloud.tencent.com

草

[root@py ~]# service ntpd status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status ntpd.service
● ntpd.service - Network Time Service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-04-04 18:34:09 CST; 11s ago
  Process: 9981 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp $OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 9982 (ntpd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/ntpd.service
           └─9982 /usr/sbin/ntpd -u ntp:ntp -g

Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: Listen normally on 2 lo 127.0.0.1 UDP 123
Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: Listen normally on 3 ens192 192.168.25.7 UDP 123
Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: Listen normally on 4 lo ::1 UDP 123
Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: Listen normally on 5 ens192 240e:<rm>:f89...123
Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: Listen normally on 6 ens192 240e:<rm>:caa...123
Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: Listen normally on 7 ens192 fe80::<rm>:f...123
Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: Listening on routing socket on fd #24 for interfac...tes
Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: 0.0.0.0 c016 06 restart
Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: 0.0.0.0 c012 02 freq_set kernel 0.000 PPM
Apr 04 18:34:09 py.yuangezhizao.cn ntpd[9982]: 0.0.0.0 c011 01 freq_not_set
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

查看NTP是否正常启动以及是否配置到正确的NTP时钟源服务器：输出当前NTP时钟源服务器的IP地址，此IP地址应为上述配置的NTP时钟源服务器的IP地址

[root@py ~]# ntpstat
unsynchronised
  time server re-starting
   polling server every 8 s

获取更详细的NTP服务信息

[root@py ~]# ntpq -p
     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset  jitter
==============================================================================
 139.199.215.251 100.122.36.4     2 u   32   64    1   57.452   -1.940   0.000
 111.230.189.174 100.122.36.196   2 u   32   64    1   59.803   -1.716   0.000
 139.199.214.202 100.122.36.4     2 u   31   64    1   57.946    0.590   0.000
 134.175.254.134 100.122.36.4     2 u   31   64    1   57.897   -2.392   0.000
 134.175.253.104 100.122.36.4     2 u   32   64    1   59.239   -0.167   0.000

过了一会儿重新来看

[root@py ~]# ntpstat
synchronised to NTP server (134.175.254.134) at stratum 3
   time correct to within 45 ms
   polling server every 64 s
[root@py ~]# ntpq -p
     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset  jitter
==============================================================================
+139.199.215.251 100.122.36.196   2 u   71  128  377   56.945   -1.334   0.556
*111.230.189.174 100.122.36.196   2 u   53  128  377   59.046    1.035   1.348
-139.199.214.202 100.122.36.4     2 u   52  128  377   57.424    3.607   0.707
-134.175.254.134 100.122.36.196   2 u  193  128  376   57.452    2.038   0.768
+134.175.253.104 100.122.36.196   2 u  126  128  377   58.659   -0.204   0.623

然后顺便去看了眼txy机子

[root@txy bt]# ntpq -p
     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset  jitter
==============================================================================
*10.237.208.123  100.122.36.196   2 u  861 1024  377   32.771    0.215   0.555

注：chrony与NTPD冲突，可能引起NTPD开机启动失败

[root@py ~]# systemctl is-enabled chronyd.service
enabled
[root@py ~]# systemctl disable chronyd.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/chronyd.service.

0x03.`VMware Tools`

首先安装依赖

1	yum install perl gcc gcc-c++ make cmake kernel kernel-headers kernel-devel net-tools -y

然后挂载复制到本地

[root@py ~]# mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom
[root@py ~]# mount -t auto /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@py ~]# cp /mnt/cdrom/VMwareTools-10.3.21-14772444.tar.gz ~
[root@py ~]# umount /dev/cdrom
[root@py ~]# tar -zxvf VMwareTools-10.3.21-14772444.tar.gz
[root@py ~]# cd vmware-tools-distrib/
[root@py vmware-tools-distrib]# ll
total 376
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     87 Oct  2  2019 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root     39 Oct  2  2019 caf
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     67 Oct  2  2019 doc
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root   4096 Oct  2  2019 etc
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 146996 Oct  2  2019 FILES
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   2538 Oct  2  2019 INSTALL
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     95 Oct  2  2019 installer
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root root    181 Oct  2  2019 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root     21 Oct  2  2019 vgauth
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root 227024 Oct  2  2019 vmware-install.pl

运行vmware-install.pl开始安装

点击此处 ← 查看终端

[root@py vmware-tools-distrib]# ./vmware-install.pl
open-vm-tools packages are available from the OS vendor and VMware recommends 
using open-vm-tools packages. See http://kb.vmware.com/kb/2073803 for more 
information.
Do you still want to proceed with this installation? [yes] 

INPUT: [yes]  default

A previous installation of VMware Tools has been detected.

The previous installation was made by the tar installer (version 4).

Keeping the tar4 installer database format.

You have a version of VMware Tools installed.  Continuing this install will 
first uninstall the currently installed version.  Do you wish to continue? 
(yes/no) [yes] 

INPUT: [yes]  default

Uninstalling the tar installation of VMware Tools.

manageSELinux uninstall: The 'semanage' utility was not found.
There was an error configuring the SELinux security context for VMware Tools.  
Please make certain that SELinux is configured correctly.

Stopping services for VMware Tools

Stopping vmware-tools (via systemctl):  [  OK  ]

cat: /tmp/_cafenv-appconfig_: No such file or directory
This program previously created the directory /etc/vmware-caf/pme/config, and 
was about to remove it. Since there are files in that directory that this 
program did not create, it will not be removed.

This program previously created the directory /etc/vmware-caf/pme, and was 
about to remove it. Since there are files in that directory that this program 
did not create, it will not be removed.

This program previously created the directory /etc/vmware-caf, and was about to
remove it. Since there are files in that directory that this program did not 
create, it will not be removed.

The removal of VMware Tools 10.3.21 build-14772444 for Linux completed 
successfully.

Installing VMware Tools.

In which directory do you want to install the binary files? 
[/usr/bin] 

INPUT: [/usr/bin]  default

What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)? 
[/etc/rc.d] 

INPUT: [/etc/rc.d]  default

What is the directory that contains the init scripts? 
[/etc/rc.d/init.d] 

INPUT: [/etc/rc.d/init.d]  default

In which directory do you want to install the daemon files? 
[/usr/sbin] 

INPUT: [/usr/sbin]  default

In which directory do you want to install the library files? 
[/usr/lib/vmware-tools] 

INPUT: [/usr/lib/vmware-tools]  default

The path "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is 
going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
[yes] 

INPUT: [yes]  default

In which directory do you want to install the common agent library files? 
[/usr/lib] 

INPUT: [/usr/lib]  default

In which directory do you want to install the common agent transient files? 
[/var/lib] 

INPUT: [/var/lib]  default

In which directory do you want to install the documentation files? 
[/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools] 

INPUT: [/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]  default

The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program 
is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you 
want? [yes] 

INPUT: [yes]  default

The installation of VMware Tools 10.3.21 build-14772444 for Linux completed 
successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any 
time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl".

Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by 
invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl". Do you want 
this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes] 

INPUT: [yes]  default

Initializing...


Making sure services for VMware Tools are stopped.

Stopping vmware-tools (via systemctl):  [  OK  ]


The module vmci has already been installed on this system by another installer 
or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The module vsock has already been installed on this system by another installer
or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The module vmxnet3 has already been installed on this system by another 
installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The module pvscsi has already been installed on this system by another 
installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The module vmmemctl has already been installed on this system by another 
installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.

The VMware Host-Guest Filesystem allows for shared folders between the host OS 
and the guest OS in a Fusion or Workstation virtual environment.  Do you wish 
to enable this feature? [yes] 

INPUT: [yes]  default


Before you can compile modules, you need to have the following installed... 

make
gcc
kernel headers of the running kernel


Searching for GCC...
Detected GCC binary at "/bin/gcc".
The path "/bin/gcc" appears to be a valid path to the gcc binary.
Would you like to change it? [no] 

INPUT: [no]  default

Searching for a valid kernel header path...
Detected the kernel headers at 
"/lib/modules/3.10.0-1062.18.1.el7.x86_64/build/include".
The path "/lib/modules/3.10.0-1062.18.1.el7.x86_64/build/include" appears to be
a valid path to the 3.10.0-1062.18.1.el7.x86_64 kernel headers.
Would you like to change it? [no] 

INPUT: [no]  default

Using kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only'
/bin/make -C /lib/modules/3.10.0-1062.18.1.el7.x86_64/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \
  MODULEBUILDDIR= modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-1062.18.1.el7.x86_64'
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/backdoorGcc64.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/message.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/dir.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/request.o
/tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/backdoorGcc64.o: warning: objtool: BackdoorHbIn()+0xd: duplicate frame pointer save
/tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/backdoorGcc64.o: warning: objtool: BackdoorHbOut()+0xd: duplicate frame pointer save
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/filesystem.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/cpName.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/rpcout.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/stubs.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/hgfsUtil.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/hgfsEscape.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/link.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/transport.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/module.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/file.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/super.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/bdhandler.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/fsutil.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/cpNameLinux.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/hgfsBd.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/page.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/backdoor.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/inode.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/dentry.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/cpNameLite.o
  CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/kernelStubsLinux.o
  LD [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.o
  Building modules, stage 2.
  MODPOST 1 modules
  CC      /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.mod.o
  LD [M]  /tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-1062.18.1.el7.x86_64'
/bin/make -C $PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \
  MODULEBUILDDIR= postbuild
make[1]: Entering directory `/tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only'
make[1]: `postbuild' is up to date.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only'
cp -f vmhgfs.ko ./../vmhgfs.o
make: Leaving directory `/tmp/modconfig-xU5hFj/vmhgfs-only'

The vmxnet driver is no longer supported on kernels 3.3 and greater. Please 
upgrade to a newer virtual NIC. (e.g., vmxnet3 or e1000e)

The vmblock enables dragging or copying files between host and guest in a 
Fusion or Workstation virtual environment.  Do you wish to enable this feature?
[no] yes

INPUT: [yes]

NOTICE:  It appears your system does not have the required fuse packages 
installed.  The VMware blocking filesystem requires the fuse packages and its 
libraries to function properly.  Please install the fuse or fuse-utils package 
using your systems package management utility and re-run this script in order 
to enable the VMware blocking filesystem. 

VMware automatic kernel modules enables automatic building and installation of
VMware kernel modules at boot that are not already present. This feature can
be enabled/disabled by re-running vmware-config-tools.pl.

Would you like to enable VMware automatic kernel modules?
[yes] 

INPUT: [yes]  default

Do you want to enable Guest Authentication (vgauth)? Enabling vgauth is needed 
if you want to enable Common Agent (caf). [yes] 

INPUT: [yes]  default

Do you want to enable Common Agent (caf)? [no] 

INPUT: [no]  default

No X install found.


Skipping rebuilding initrd boot image for kernel as no drivers to be included 
in boot image were installed by this installer.

Generating the key and certificate files.
Successfully generated the key and certificate files.
manageSELinux install: The 'semanage' utility was not found.
There was an error configuring the SELinux security context for VMware Tools.  
Please make certain that SELinux is configured correctly.

The configuration of VMware Tools 10.3.21 build-14772444 for Linux for this 
running kernel completed successfully.

You must restart your X session before any mouse or graphics changes take 
effect.

To enable advanced X features (e.g., guest resolution fit, drag and drop, and 
file and text copy/paste), you will need to do one (or more) of the following:
1. Manually start /usr/bin/vmware-user
2. Log out and log back into your desktop session
3. Restart your X session.

Enjoy,

--the VMware team

[root@py vmware-tools-distrib]#

0x04.Vagrant

[root@cn-py-dl-c8 ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://rpm.releases.hashicorp.com/RHEL/hashicorp.repo
Adding repo from: https://rpm.releases.hashicorp.com/RHEL/hashicorp.repo
[root@cn-py-dl-c8 ~]# dnf repolist hashicorp -v
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync
DNF version: 4.7.0
cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
Hashicorp Stable - x86_64                                                   97 kB/s | 665 kB     00:06    
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:02 ago on Sat 08 Jan 2022 12:20:43 PM CST.
Repo-id            : hashicorp
Repo-name          : Hashicorp Stable - x86_64
Repo-status        : enabled
Repo-updated       : Fri 07 Jan 2022 05:44:58 AM CST
Repo-pkgs          : 548
Repo-available-pkgs: 548
Repo-size          : 18 G
Repo-baseurl       : https://rpm.releases.hashicorp.com/RHEL/8/x86_64/stable
Repo-expire        : 172,800 second(s) (last: Sat 08 Jan 2022 12:20:43 PM CST)
Repo-filename      : /etc/yum.repos.d/hashicorp.repo
Total packages: 548

https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads

[root@cn-py-dl-c8 ~]# wget https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc
[root@cn-py-dl-c8 ~]# rpm --import oracle_vbox.asc
[root@cn-py-dl-c8 ~]# wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/6.1.30/VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64.rpm
[root@cn-py-dl-c8 ~]# rpm -ivh VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64.rpm 
error: Failed dependencies:
        libGL.so.1()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5Core.so.5()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5Core.so.5(Qt_5)(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5Core.so.5(Qt_5.11)(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5Gui.so.5()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5Gui.so.5(Qt_5)(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5OpenGL.so.5()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5OpenGL.so.5(Qt_5)(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5PrintSupport.so.5()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5PrintSupport.so.5(Qt_5)(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5Widgets.so.5()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5Widgets.so.5(Qt_5)(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5X11Extras.so.5()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libQt5X11Extras.so.5(Qt_5)(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libSDL-1.2.so.0()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libXcursor.so.1()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libXt.so.6()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libasound.so.2()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libopus.so.0()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64
        libvpx.so.5()(64bit) is needed by VirtualBox-6.1-6.1.30_148432_el8-1.x86_64

1
2
3

[root@cn-py-dl-c8 ~]# dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/el/virtualbox.repo
Adding repo from: https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/el/virtualbox.repo
[root@cn-py-dl-c8 ~]# yum install VirtualBox-6.1 -y

0x05.引用

ifconfig命令不存在command not found
CentOS7安装VMware Tools
如何在CentOS 8上安装VirtualBox

未完待续……